Did I bring anything? I hope so, but a lot of this stuff is heavy Show and tell (maybe) A very central component: Transistors Three connections Base: "switch" input, allows power to flow from collector to emitter Collector: Input power Emitter: Output Kinda like a relay, but without the isolation NOT binary. A little power to the base allows a little from collector to emitter This makes it useful for analog electronics Like an amplifier! A transistor is thus a semiconductor But, we need to go a different direction, toward digital electronics A note about that though: I have a "digital" amp in my living room The controls are digital The amplification process is analog So, blu-player to amp: Optical audio out of the blu-ray player Decent midrange DAC to convert it for the amp Into an analog input without much cable Out to speakers with analog crossover So "digital", when it comes to audio, is at best partial Clay's effects pedal example Only 0 and 1: For logic circuit diagrams we'll do: 0 means "low enough" 1 means "high enough" What's "enough"? More than something Larger something: Bigger switching delay, more power use Smaller something: Smaller switching delay, but could it be too small to detect? So it depends on the application. CPU voltage is usually less than 2. We'll consider transistors to be "on" or "off" If you set the frequency too high, they might not have finished changing... Maybe with more voltage they would! At some level, all electronics is analog Instead of soldering these together, they can be made in a sheet A whole circuit can be made in a sheet It's smaller and faster that way Next series: Gates! We'll look at an example or two, then move to computer parts