Demo: Non-contact amp reading? Wire gauges? Remember the test next week! Off and on with gates: Can select output from two operations A CPU with two operations Instruction set would have only two instructions Synchronized with the clock, we could load successive opcodes Fixed vs. variable size instructions Instruction cycle: Wikipedia's diagram: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction_cycle Maybe more states than the instruction pipeline diagram A pipeline yields one instruction per cycle, maybe More complicated than that An interruption would have to stop this pipeline What would we have to save? Frequent interruptions would slow the CPU down Optimizations: There are a lot of these Branch prediction: How do we know what instructions to fetch? Could we do both, then jump to the right one? More common case? Separate units for more instructions: x87, for example Generally end up integrated into the CPU GPU is different enough to still end up separate AVX extensions...